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Compliance with the limits set by the EU for nitrogen oxides is still posing a challenge for cities and municipalities. Contrary to measures such as driving bans, which have a negative impact on...

The punching shear design provisions for footings and ground slabs were revised with the introduction of Eurocode 2 in Germany. In contrast to previous German codes, the location of the control...

Compression members such as columns or walls are not only subjected to normal forces but also to bending moments resulting from rotations of adjacent structural components. If these rotations occur...

The European concrete standard EN 206 is not harmonized and only comprises key points with the character of recommendations with respect to durability of concrete. Therefore, the member states apply...

As a state-examined engineer for building construction and civil engineering, I have been employed as site manager since February 2007 by the engineering consulting firm TS- Ingenieurgesellschaft, on...

Most of the building projects using textile and/or carbon reinforced concrete, which have already been realized, are based on approvals on case-by-case basis. Apart from the approvals on case-by-case...

An insufficient fire resistance of the composite material has so far inhibited a broad application of carbon-reinforced concrete. The reinforcement elements available at present are composite...

In Germany, around 50 % of all communal traffic areas are paved with concrete blocks or slabs. These pavements are also of great significance in the private sphere, in garden design and landscaping...

An element wall should give a monolithic impression when in use. There is to be a firm bond between the shells and the filling concrete. The bond achieved has an influence mainly on: the load-bearing...

As a result of the rapid population growth, the related increase in urbanization and therefore an ever more clearly evident shortage of land, the construction of tunnels in concrete design will...