The structure of air entrainment of cement concrete by means of protein formulation and modern factory produced admixture
The paper compares the impact of blood admixture and a classic air entraining factory produced admixture on the structure of air entrainment of cement concrete. The results show that the protein formulation is in no way inferior to the performance of a modern air entraining admixture, in terms of efficiency, intensity of action and air entrainment characteristics.
The importance of air entraining admixtures for the quality and durability of concrete were already appreciated as long ago as in antiquity. It was then that people observed that blood added to a concrete mix had a positive impact on the durability of concrete. The experiences of ancient civilizations were also used in more recent time. In 1805 Thomas Telford used mortar containing ox blood to erect stone pillars during the construction of the Pontcysyllte aqueduct in North East Wales [1].
An interesting reference can also be found in the novel by a Cuban writer Alejo Carpentier entitled The...